https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nell-Gwyn-English-actress, BFI Screenonline - Biography of Nell Gwyn, Royal County of Berkshire History - Biography of Nell Gwynne, Nell Gwyn - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Charles Beauclerk, 1st duke of Saint Albans. Theatre historian Elizabeth Howe goes so far as to credit the enduring success of the gay couple on the Restoration stage entirely to "the talent and popularity of a single actress, Nell Gwyn". [22] This unusual use of only her first name would imply that Gwyn had made herself known both on the stage and off as her celebrity status started to emerge. It is not out of the question that Gwyn was merely echoing the satirists of the day, if she said this at all. She later became the mistress of the actor, Charles Hart, through whose influence she became an actress at around the age of fifteen and was said to be particularly good at comic roles. Another is that Gwyn grabbed young Charles and hung him out of a window of Lauderdale House in Highgate, where she briefly resided, and threatened to drop him unless he was granted a peerage. Much like the dispute over her date of birth, it is unclear when Gwyn began to perform professionally on the Restoration stage. Please Like other favourites! [16] Orange Moll hired Nell and her elder sister Rose as scantily clad orange-girls, selling the small, sweet "china" oranges to the audience inside the theatre for a sixpence each. [5][6] However, administration records show that Edmund Gwyn died unmarried. Certainly their relationship stood the test of time and she was with him until he died. WebNell became a mistress of King Charles, do we know more about this? Nell Gwynn The Players Creative Team Jessica Swale Playwright Christopher Luscombe Director Nigel Hess Music Hugh Durrant Scenic Designer/Costume Designer Greg Hofmann Lighting Designer Stephen Ptacek Sound Designer Wig and Make-up Designer Amber Mak Choreographer Jermaine Hill Music Director Eva Breneman Dialect Coach Bob The National Portrait Gallery will NOT use your information to contact you or store for any other purpose than to investigate or display your contribution. Waving an order paper, the earl forced the Lords Deputy Speaker out of the way and delivered a short speech defending his pedigree chums: "This Bill drafted in Brussels is treason. Pepys reports the news on 13 July: "[Mr. Pierce tells us] Lord Buckhurst hath got Nell away from the King's house, lies with her, and gives her 100 a year, so she hath sent her parts to the house, and will act no more. One way or another, Gwyn's father seems to have been out of the picture by the time of her childhood in Covent Garden, and her "dipsomaniac mother, [and] notorious sister", Rose, were left in a low situation. WebNell gave birth to her first son, Charles Beauclerk, on 8 May 1670. Of course they, all come from her eldest son, Charles Beau. The new theatres were the first in England to feature actresses; earlier, women's parts had been played by boys or men. For access to nell gwynn's full information you must be on the Trusted List. [27], After the theatres reopened, Gwyn and Hart returned to play role after role that fit the mould of the gay couple, including in James Howard's The English Monsieur (December 1666), Richard Rhodes' Flora's Vagaries, an adaptation of John Fletcher's The Chances by George Villiers, and then in their greatest success, Secret Love, or The Maiden Queen.[28]. [10] London is the simplest choice, perhaps, since Gwyn's mother was born there and that is where she raised her children. During Gwyn's first years with Charles, there was little competition in the way of other mistresses: Barbara Palmer was on her way out, while others, such as Moll Davis, kept quietly away from the spotlight of public appearances or Whitehall. This was the first of many appearances in which Gwyn and Hart played the "gay couple", a form that would become a frequent theme in restoration comedies. Shortly afterwards, the King granted Gwyn and their son a house, which was renamed Burford House, on the edge of the Home Park in Windsor. Skip Ancestry main menu Main Menu. WebBorn Eleanor Gwynn on February 2, 1650, in England (authorities are unsure whether in London, Oxford, or Hereford); died on November 14, 1687; daughter of Helena and Thomas or James Gwynn (a common soldier); children: (with Charles II) Charles Beauclerk (16701726, later duke of St. Albans); James Beau-clerk, earl of Plymouth (d. 1680). The orange-girls would also serve as messengers between men in the audience and actresses backstage; they received monetary tips for this role and some of these messages would end in sexual assignations. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Charles Beauclerk (pronounced boh-clair) was created Earl of Burford and later Duke of St Albans. : 1866 - 1939), http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article21250097, create private tags and comments, readable only by you, and. : 1866 - 1939), many descendants of Nell Gwynne (the cele-<*>. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Gwyn was attending a performance of George Etherege's She Wou'd if She Cou'd at the theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields. Children of Eleanor Gwynne and Charles II Stuart, King of Great Britain, Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St. Albans+ b. Although he had twelve children - ten of whom were sons - his line ended with a grandson, Sir John Wynn (d.1719) who had no issue. The King and the Duke of York were at the play. and subsequently created that peerage. If you wish to license an image, please use our Rights and Images service. All Census Lookups are Crown Copyright, National Archives for academic and non-commercial research purposes only. The Queenslander (Brisbane, Qld. In the 1840s, there was a house on the site of Nell Gwynn House in which the member of parliament George Thompson lived. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. According to the London Encyclopedia (Macmillan, 1983) she "entertained Charles II here with little concerts and breakfasts". (1651?-1687), Actress; mistress of Charles II, Paul McCartney Photographs 196364: Eyes of the Storm, Pepys and his Contemporaries book in our Shops, Eleanor ('Nell') Gwyn in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Painted Ladies: Women at the Court of Charles II, The Diary Room: Characters of the 17th Century, The First Actresses: Nell Gwyn to Sarah Siddons. Her father was of Welsh descent, a soldier ruined by the civil war, he is said to have died in a debtors prison in Oxford, Nell probably had no memory of him. A satire of the time describes this and also Hart's position now, in the face of competition from the upper echelons of society: Yet Hart more manners had, then not to tender If her good looks, strong clear voice, and lively wit were responsible for catching the eye of Killigrew, she still had to prove herself clever enough to succeed as an actress. A horoscope in the Ashmolean manuscripts gives her date of birth as 2 February 1650. I always assume (I know, I shouldn't!, Dunning/Downing, Osborn/e, Astley -Cheshire/Birmingham/Middlesex. Elizabeth Gwyn. WebThat a Winn/Wynne family of Va. descends from Sir John Wynn of Gwydir. Her last stage appearance was with Hart in Drydens Conquest of Granada by the Spaniards (January 1670), the production of which had been postponed several months for her return to the stage after the birth of her first son by the king in 1670. In March 1687, she suffered a stroke that left her paralysed on one side. You can buy a print of most illustrated portraits. Daughter of Thomas Gwyn and Helen Smith [51] The property was owned by the crown and its current resident was instructed to transfer the lease to Gwyn. The diarist, Samuel Pepys, reported himself delighted by the performance of "pretty, witty Nell", watching her as Florimel in Dryden's Secret Love, or the Maiden Queen he wrote- "so great a performance of a comical part was never, I believe, in the world before..so done by Nell her merry part as cannot be better done in nature". view all Immediate "[42], Having previously been the mistress of Charles Hart and Charles Sackville, Gwyn jokingly called the King "her Charles the Third". In the cast list of Aphra Behn's The Rover, produced at Dorset Garden in March 1677, the part of Angelica Bianca, "a famous Curtezan" is played by a Mrs. Gwin. Want to bookmark your favourite articles and stories to read or reference later? When the King died in 1685 Nells creditors descended upon her she never did starve, but was in grave danger of being sent to a Debtors prison. She appealed to King James and to his credit, he settled her immediate debts and gave her a pension of 1500 a year. Another legend is that Beauclerk's mother held him out of a window (or above a river) and threatened to drop him unless he was given a peerage. Though Gwyn was often caricatured as an empty-headed woman, John Dryden said that her greatest attribute was her native wit, and she certainly became a hostess who was able to keep the friendship of Dryden, the playwright Aphra Behn, William Ley, 4th Earl of Marlborough (a lover of hers), John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, and the King's other mistresses. [18] She was reputed to have been illiterate. This appears to be derived from a fragmentary pedigree by Anthony Wood that shows signs of confusion between different Gwyn families and it has not been firmly established. WebResearch genealogy for Nell Gwyn of London, England, as well as other members of the Gwyn family, on Ancestry. Find something else to fight about. WebNell Gwynn Gender Male Age Range Late Teen, Young Adult Role Size Supporting Voice Non-singer Time & Place London, England, Seventeenth Century Tags actor nervous bumbling learning King's Company training excitable naive innocent english accent Analysis Ned is an actor in the Kings Company. She had a magnificent silver bed in the house, adorned with the king's head and figures of cupids and slaves, as well as crowns and an eagle. JS: Yes. "[60], In 1937, a new ten-storey block of 437 flats in Sloane Avenue, Chelsea, was given the name Nell Gwynn House, and in a high alcove above the main entrance is a statue of Gwyn, with a Cavalier King Charles spaniel at her feet. Start your Independent Premium subscription today. [13] Tradition has her growing up in Coal Yard Alley, a poor slum off Drury Lane. This play, a tragicomedy written by the theatre's house dramatist, John Dryden, was performed in March 1667. We would welcome any information that adds to and enhances our information and understanding about a particular portrait, sitter or artist. Gwyn died from apoplexy "almost certainly due to the acquired variety of syphilis"[56] on 14 November 1687, at ten in the evening, less than three years after the King's death. WebNell Gwynn (c. 16501687) The descendants of Holy Roman Empire monarchies became feeble-minded in the twentieth century, and after World War I had been done in For example, The Bodleian Manuscript of The Siege of Urbin has the part of Pedro (Melina- a maid servant in breeches) played by a 'Mrs. A blue plaque added to the side of the present building in 2013 commemorates Thompson being visited there in 1846 by the notable American Frederick Douglass.. At the beginning of the 20th century, this area of Chelsea Nell was buried with her mother in the Church of St Martin-in-the-Fields, in London. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. When noble Buckhurst beg'd him to surrender. Paragraph operations are made directly in the full article text panel located to the left.Paragraph operations include: Zone operations are made directly in the full article text panel located to the left.Zone operations include: Please choose from the following download options: The National Library of Australia's Copies Direct service lets you purchase higher quality, larger sized photocopies or electronic copies of newspapers pages. Her mother was drowned in a pond at Chelsea, probably while drunk, in July 1679. "[57] Her will and codicil were proved on 7 December 1687. Please, if you are going to [20] The use of 'Mrs' would imply that Gwyn was more likely born in 1642 than 1650 as it indicates an actress over the age of 21 (not her marital status) for which certain roles would be more suitable. "[59], She is noted for another remark made to her coachman, who was fighting with another man who had called her a whore. James II, obeying his brother's deathbed wish, "Let not poor Nelly starve," eventually paid most of Gwyn's debts and gave her an annual pension of 1,500. It is claimed that there are some two thousand living descendants of King Charles II and Nell Gwyn. Ranging from from dukes to dustmen, they include Samantha Cameron (wife of David Cameron) ! Has anyone traced their family back to Charlie and Nell? Dukes or dustmen can reply. (Beauclerk, p. Charles is known to have denied paternity of her second son who was born in 1663, but Barbara, renowned for her furious temper, stamped her foot shouting "God damn me, but you shall own it!" Changing it back to King Charles II as it should be. She died at the age of 37, from apoplexy "almost certainly due to the acquired variety of syphilis" at ten in the evening on 14 November 1687. A second son, James Beauclerk was born in 1671, but died at a boarding school in Paris in 1680, the circumstances of his life in Paris and the cause of his death are both unknown, one of the few clues being that he died "of a sore leg". A few weeks later, James was given "the title of Lord Beauclerc, with the place and precedence of the eldest son of an earl." In around 1662, Nell had an affair with a man named Duncan, which lasted around two years, he provided her with rooms at a tavern in Maypole Alley and may have secured her a job as an orange seller at a nearby theatre, where she worked with her older sister Rose. Gwyn was assigned arms similar to those of the Gwynnes of Llansannor. Her mother Ellen was in her thirties at the time, a born and bred Londoner. Nells father is harder to pin down hes often described as a Welsh soldier named Thomas Gwyn (or Gywnne, or Guinne) who fought for the Royalists and died in a debtors prison in Oxford in 1661, but thats pieced together from fragments here and there. We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience and to help us improve our website. There are two stories about how the eldest of her two children by Charles was given the Earldom of Burford, both of which are unverifiable. p. 336. The Prime Minister's official spokesman, however, had the last word: "It sounds to me like the desperate act of the spent forces of conservatism. Charles II had been restored to the English throne in 1660 and quickly reinstated the theatre. WebNell Gwynn is a play by the British playwright Jessica Swale, begun in 2013 [1] and premiering at Shakespeare's Globe from 19 September to 17 October 2015. went to South .Africa with the 17th Lancers. And, through her drawers the powerful charm descry'd. We speak to playwright Jessica Swale about the actress Nell Gwynn, who is the subject of her Olivier nominated play. She broke up the fight, saying, "I am a whore. nell gwynn. Its production had had to be postponed for some months while the theatre awaited her return after the birth of her first son. She and Gwyn would prove rivals for many years to come. This was no easy task in the Restoration theatre; the limited pool of audience members meant that very short runs were the norm for plays and fifty different productions might be mounted in the nine-month season lasting from September to June. In response, Charles created him Earl of Burford. Called "pretty, witty Nell" by Pepys, she has been regarded as a living embodiment of the spirit of Restoration England and has come to be considered a folk heroine, with a story echoing the rags-to-royalty tale of Cinderella. Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans, KG (8 May 1670 10 May 1726) was an illegitimate son of King Charles II of England by his mistress Nell Gwyn. From across the sea, an art revolution is coming. Nell was was the daughter of Thomas and Ellen Gwynn, her place of birth is disputed, with some sources stating Pipe Well Lane in Hereford, which was renamed Gwynne Street in the nineteenth century, while others state she was born in London. Please ensure your comments are relevant and appropriate. On 21 December 1676, a warrant was passed for "a grant to Charles Beauclerc, the King's natural son, and to the heirs male of his body, of the dignities of Baron of Heddington, co. Oxford, and Earl of Burford in the same county, with remainder to his brother, James Beauclerc, and the heirs male of his body. Established in a fine house and admitted to the inner circles of the court, Nell spent the rest of her life entertaining the king and his friends, living extravagantly, and intriguing against her rivals. In the 18th century, the house became a popular spa, before giving way to development. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Children of Eleanor Gwynne and Charles II Stuart, The information we have about Gwyn is collected from various sources, including the plays she starred in, satirical poetry and pictures, diaries, and letters. Gwyn joined the rank of actresses at Bridges Street when she was fourteen (if we take her birth year to be 1650), less than a year after becoming an orange-girl. [14] Duncan provided Gwyn with rooms at a tavern in Maypole Alley,[15] and the satires also say he was involved in securing Nell a job at the theatre being built nearby. [52] Her family's history has been published in the authoritative book: The House of Nell Gwyn (1974). Charles II then built 'Burford House,' for her, a mansion on the edge of Windsor Home Park, 250 yards from Windsor Castle. In May, a second stroke rendered her bedridden in her house at Pall Mall. [3] It has been suggested, based on the pedigree by Anthony Wood, that Gwyn was a granddaughter of Edward or Edmund Gwyn, Canon of Christ Church from 1615 to 1624. by his father^ Charles 11., in 1683. Charles Beauclerk circa 1690, on display at the, Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charles_Beauclerk,_1st_Duke_of_St_Albans&oldid=1130919836, Illegitimate children of Charles II of England, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopdia Britannica, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2019, Articles lacking in-text citations from March 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Lord Seymour Beauclerk (born 24 June 1708 c. 1709), This page was last edited on 1 January 2023, at 17:05. Pepys diary for 2 March 1667; spelling and punctuation from Beauclerk, p. 97. Ostracised at Court and with most of her retinue sent back to Portugal, Catherine had been left with little choice but to acquiesce to Charles's mistresses being granted semi-official standing. Nell was attending a performance of George Etherege's play 'She Wou'd if She Cou'd' at Lincoln's Inn Fields theatre. Three cities make the claim to be Gwyn's birthplace: Hereford, London (specifically Covent Garden) and Oxford. Sir John Wynn (d.1626, aet 73) is famous as the author of 'The History of the Gwydir Family' and one of the most prominent Welshmen of his day. 8 May 1670, d. 11 May 1726, James Beauclerk, Lord Beauclerk b. A letter from Wigmore to Etherege, the day after Gwyn's burial, reports that Gwyn left 'about 1,000,000 l. stirling, a great many say more, few less'. A second son, James Beauclerk was born in 1671, but died at a boarding school in Paris in 1680, the The earl, who has made it his short life's work to prove that one of his ancestors, Edward de Vere, the 17th Earl of Oxford, was the real author of Shakespeare's plays, declared: "If Blair gets his way in Britain, then, in the words of Shakespeare, our country 'will be a wilderness again,/Peopled with wolves'. Mostly unnoticed by passers-by, this is believed to be the only statue of a royal mistress in the capital city.[61]. Quickly attracting the attention of the theatres leading actor, Charles Hart, whose mistress she became, Nell mounted the stage and probably made her first appearance in December 1665. Search here. [21] The Oxford Dictionary of Actors therefore suggests that 'perhaps most of her wealth was in trust or not in liquid assets' which might explain why the rich girl was so poor. WebNell Gwyn Arms of Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans: Royal arms of King Charles II debruised by a baton sinister gules charged with three roses argent Charles Beauclerk, 1st to which Gwyn responded, "Oh, exactly the same relation that the French Prince was to Mademoiselle de Krouaille. If you require information from us, please use our Archive enquiry service. Her descendant and biographer Charles Beauclerk calls this conjecture, based solely on what is known of her later life. Of all the mistresses of Charles II, Nell was the only one beloved by the public. Sitter associated with 30 portraitsEleanor Gywn, or 'Pretty witty Nell', as Pepys called her, came to London as an orange-seller, and rose to become one of the leading comic actresses of the day, and mistress to the King, Charles II. She lived there when the King was in residence at Windsor Castle. Gugu Mbatha-Raw played the title role in the production debut. Its always intrigued me too, how some descendants end up peers of the realm and others end up "dustbinmen". The King cried out "God save the Earl of Burford!" [41], The love affair between the King and Gwyn allegedly began in April 1668. It's quite possible, though we will never know for sure. She bore six children and although it is assumed that Charles was the father of at least five of them, this is not certain. Please could you let us know your source of information. The rivalry between Nell, Lady Castlemaine, Louise de Keroualle and Moll Davies made the King's life difficult at times. JThe, .dukedom has passed in a most curious .\ray, down to the present holder, who Is an extra, 'A.D.O. WebNell Gwynn, the mistress of Charles II, was a famous denizen of London. '", Quoted in Beauclerk, p. 78 from the epilogue to Robert Howard's, According to Dryden's preface to the first printed edition, 1668. Charles had secret passages built so that he could visit her without others knowing. Nell played some fantastic roles which were written for her by Dryden and his contemporaries. [25], There is some debate over the year The Mad Couple debuted, with earlier authorities believing it to be 1667. "[53] A few weeks later, James was given "the title of Lord Beauclerc, with the place and precedence of the eldest son of an earl."[53]. June 1668 found her in Dryden's An Evening's Love, or The Mock Astrologer, and in July she played in Lacy's The Old Troop, a farce about a company of Cavalier soldiers during the English Civil War, based on Lacy's own experiences. The first is that on arrival of the King, his mother said, "Come here, you little bastard, and greet your father." Nell Gwynn (c. 16501687) The descendants of Holy Roman Empire monarchies became feeble-minded in the twentieth century, and after World War I had been done in by the democracies; some were kept on to Gwyn is said to have complained that "she had always conveyed free under the Crown, and always would; and would not accept [the house] till it was conveyed free to her by an Act of Parliament." WebHistory. Gwyn and the other ten "women comedians in His Majesty's Theatre" were issued the right (and the cloth) to wear the King's livery at the start of this exile, proclaiming them official servants of the King. !Lady Sybil Lascelles, daughter-in-law to, Besides, the following are descended from, 'Mr. "Pray good people be civil" she cried, sticking her head out of the window, "I am the Protestant whore! She had none of the political aspirations of his other mistresses. Their family back to King Charles II Stuart, King of Great Britain, Charles (... 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