null
, * this means that the data for the particular slot is considered. Youre close to testing the Mockito framework itself with this test. The InlineMockMaker is an interface that extends the MockMaker interface that defines Mockito's internal API to create mocks. For example if the DataService class had two methods called modifyData one taking a byte[] as last parameter and one taking a char[] as last parameter the expectation above would still work. No. Is Java "pass-by-reference" or "pass-by-value"? But @InjectMocks injects the original value into the class under test (obj). Can a rotating object accelerate by changing shape? 2 small ones: there is no need to instantiate the field annotated with @InjectMocks. The method is creating a new object which I am trying to mock. * Imagine this method doing something complex and expensive. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. This mock object still needs to be passed to the correct methods or injected as dependency. PowerMock is a more powerful framework that extends other mock frameworks, such as EasyMock. This way, we can prepare a mock of the collaborator before instantiating the class under test and don't have to mock any constructor. can one turn left and right at a red light with dual lane turns? How to add double quotes around string and number pattern? you create cached object in method under test. I have implemented a class which should be unit tested. The factory idiom helps you to insulate your code to changes thereby adhering to the Open to Extension Closeto modification principle of object-oriented programming. The real answer is: when you are writing your own code, then simply write easy to test code. Comparing it with PowerMock: TestClass1 expected = Mockito.mock(TestClass1.class); The method is creating a new object which I am trying to mock. Well, then that very first link should most likely do the job. Works fine, too. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. 10. object = makeExternalClassObject(arg1, arg2); 11. } Does contemporary usage of "neithernor" for more than two options originate in the US, Process of finding limits for multivariable functions. It provides capabilities to work with the Java Reflection API in a simple way to overcome the problems of Mockito, such as the lack of ability to mock final, static or private methods. http://googletesting.blogspot.com/2008/08/by-miko-hevery-so-you-decided-to.html, You do not have permission to delete messages in this group, Either email addresses are anonymous for this group or you need the view member email addresses permission to view the original message. You also need to tell JUnit to execute the test using PowerMock which is done by using the @RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class) annotation. Can dialogue be put in the same paragraph as action text? * The ID of the data slot where the binary data will be stored. You lied, bruh! My mocks return null / My stubs return null, My mocks don't return the expected value / My stubs do not return the expected value, My class is not using mocks / My class is not using stubs, My tests still call or execute the real implementation of a mocked/stubbed class. But instead calling the actual method and executing // Verify the results } The inner ClassB method needs to be mocked instead of accessing the real method. Using Mockito to mock classes with generic parameters. if have given java class then we can easily understand the this tutorial. And how to capitalize on that? https://javadoc.io/static/org.mockito/mockito-core/3.9.0/org/mockito/Mockito.html#mocked_construction. How to Automate a Java Unit Test, Including Mocking and Assertions. Otherwise real methods might not get called and silently ignored. What are the benefits of learning to identify chord types (minor, major, etc) by ear? Let's see how we can mock the construction of an object with Mockito. This is the simplest way to mock an object. It is impossible to override the behavior of new. Given that implementing the factory pattern is not feasible or not worth the effort. } Meaning: instead of calling new within your production code, you could for example dependency-inject a factory for such objects. @Rogrio I agree and disagree. Thanks for learning with the DigitalOcean Community. This is easily done using: Let's say that we're writing a test case for the replaceData method and thus we need to expect the method invocation to modifyData so that we can test it in separation. In your test class, you mock the FactoryHelper class, as well as the object that you want to create. 2. With this feature, you can get rid of PowerMock if you've only used it for those two purposes and rely solely on Mockito. Every time you decide to use new, you commit yourself to an instance of this exact type. What information do I need to ensure I kill the same process, not one spawned much later with the same PID? And that factory can be mocked the "normal" way. If we're using this version, we can skip the configuration effort below. How can i avoid it? For example if you must use EasyMock matchers for an overloaded method or if an overloaded method is using a primitive type and the other method is using a wrapper type such as: This is of course a naive example but you could still use PowerMock.expectPrivate(..) to setup the expectation for these methods. Why does the second bowl of popcorn pop better in the microwave? If you can change the signature/interface of the method, pass the (mock) instance as method parameter. The login page will open in a new tab. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. This allows mocking the object construction only for a temporary and user-defined purpose. PowerMock can assist you with both. How to Unit Test Classes Which Create New Objects. my problem is the counter always equals to one in logs when running tests, Counter incremented by one. Over 2 million developers have joined DZone. Creating a project. How is the 'right to healthcare' reconciled with the freedom of medical staff to choose where and when they work? I had an issue with mocking Apache Http client. So, you have a special constructor, just for testing, that has an additional argument. You get paid; we donate to tech nonprofits. But in the majority of cases you don't need to specify the parameter type since PowerMock will find the correct method automatically. In our example, we can always return a BigDecimal as our PaymentProcessor only has one public method. What sort of contractor retrofits kitchen exhaust ducts in the US? We can even inspect how many mock objects were created during a test using the mock controller that is returned from mockConstruction(). The answer from @edutesoy points to the documentation of PowerMockito and mentions constructor mocking as a hint but doesn't mention how to apply that to the current problem in the question.. What sort of contractor retrofits kitchen exhaust ducts in the US? This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 4.0 International License. As the atomicInt is modified each time, I again used thenAnswer instead of thenReturn for. Thank you for the answer but I cannot change the code now. What's the difference between faking, mocking, and stubbing? To expect the call using a byte-array containing one byte (42) and return true we do like this: Here PowerMock will look-up the modifyData method using reflection and record the expected invocation. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Nowadays, using Mockito to mock static methods is very easy. Awesome i implemented factory pattern and it solved my other question. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Change the design of your classes to be testable! This MockInitializer is a callback that we use to stub the behavior of the mock. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. This method does something that you indeed want to unit test (see the bypass encapsulation section for information on how to test private methods) but only once. I used doAnswer to capture it. Further information about this limitation: Can I mock static methods? In order to test private methods, you will need to refactor the code to change the access to protected (or package) and you will have to avoid static/final methods.. Mockito, in my opinion intentionally does not provide support for these kinds of mocks, as using these kinds of code . The new method that makes mocking object constructions possible is Mockito.mockConstruction (). Is there a way I can mock the value returned by new? There is another way. Your conclusion that a new RedisService is somehow created in each iteration is wrong. As the last example, let's take a look at mockConstructionWithAnswer. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. And that factory can be mocked the "normal" way. second, it's important for me to test this private method but as you wrote "It's a smaller issue :)", about "@Spy" Unfortunately I got an error without using it when I verify the times calling of count method using "verify with times" and exception is "org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.NotAMockException" so obviously I must use "@Spy" annotation. Can we create two different filesystems on a single partition? So the solution here would be to refactor the actual code to use a static factory that would return an instance of that class and then statically mock it. You don't need @Spy as well. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. But the SUT still has a reference to the old value of the field, which was a fresh mock, without any setup applied. For classes with multiple methods and different return types, either use the passed invocation to determine what to return or use the mockConstruction() that takes a MockInitializer for type-safe stubbings. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Also this class doesn't have any sense: First of all Mockito can only mock methods, not constructors. In a hindsight, I think you might be better off to introduce CacheService interface, implement it in RedisService for prod, and create a new InMemoryCacheService for tests (Instead of a mock). Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Note: Above code is just a sample to explain my problem, but it's not a complete code. Once again the problem with unit-testing comes from manually creating objects using new operator. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. . } If you are testing code you have written yourself, you might want to step back and ask yourself: "why did I . The solution? We can use @Spy annotation to spy on an object. If you have any suggestions for improvements, please let us know by clicking the report an issue button at the bottom of the tutorial. Is it possible to stub a private method such that the private method is not called and the stub returns a value in place of. This method takes a non-abstract Java class that constructions we're about to mock as a first argument. Assert.assertEquals(expected, response); You can do it that way but I would wonder why you want to verify that Mockito was able to construct the object creation. __CONFIG_colors_palette__{"active_palette":0,"config":{"colors":{"6cd47":{"name":"Main Accent","parent":-1}},"gradients":[]},"palettes":[{"name":"Default","value":{"colors":{"6cd47":{"val":"var(--tcb-skin-color-0)","hsl":{"h":2,"s":0.8436,"l":0.01,"a":1}}},"gradients":[]},"original":{"colors":{"6cd47":{"val":"rgb(47, 138, 229)","hsl":{"h":210,"s":0.77,"l":0.54,"a":1}}},"gradients":[]}}]}__CONFIG_colors_palette__, {"email":"Email address invalid","url":"Website address invalid","required":"Required field missing"}, How Fixing A Broken Window Reduced Our Build Time by 50%, Things I Wish I Knew When I Started Testing Spring Boot Applications, Learn how how to effectively test enterprise applications developed in Quarkus. How do two equations multiply left by left equals right by right? If you can add that PWA feature it will be helpful for me to access the website easily from my Homescreen and navigate offline.. How to verify that a specific method was not called using Mockito? Sonar will complain of access field, Unit testing with mockito for constructors, https://javadoc.io/static/org.mockito/mockito-core/3.5.13/org/mockito/Mockito.html#mocked_construction, http://web.archive.org/web/20160322155004/http://code.google.com/p/mockito/wiki/MockingObjectCreation, code.google.com/p/mockito/wiki/MockingObjectCreation, The philosopher who believes in Web Assembly, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. If we used constructor/field/setter injection instead, this Mockito feature wouldn't be relevant. spwMock.constructed().stream().filter(obj -> obj instanceof TestClass1) Mocking new is well documented, and it works well - when you follow the documentation exactly. Is a copyright claim diminished by an owner's refusal to publish? How can I make the following table quickly? If you've already mocked a static method with Mockito, this setup might seem familiar. In such cases, we can pass the mocked version of a collaborator and don't have to mock the constructor. Let's take a look at further examples of how we can use this new feature of Mockito. This case could be very tricky to automate because you do not have any control over this newly created object. misunderstanding how Mockito works and interacts with unit tests However there are cases when PowerMock cannot figure out which method to expect by using this simple syntax. I am reviewing a very bad paper - do I have to be nice? Wed like to help. . While the practical (and reasonable) use cases for this feature might be limited, at least it's the next step towards replacing PowerMock with Mockito entirely. I overpaid the IRS. So its always a good idea to provide an instance to spy on. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Try to avoid mixing "magic" framework annotations with manual setup. BDD().Mockito(). For RedisService class you suggest then to use synchronized so I keep methods inside that class thread-safe, correct? PyQGIS: run two native processing tools in a for loop. Whenever we use the try-with-resources (highly recommended for this use case) construct, every constructor call inside this block is mocked. Update: Starting with Mockito version 5.0.0, the mockito-inline is now the default MockMaker. Why your website is not a Progressive Web App? You signed in with another tab or window. This allows us to return a mock from every object construction for testing purposes. rev2023.4.17.43393. There is some additional complexity caused by the fact that: you run the loop multiple times, and behaviour of the mocks differ between first and subsequent iterations you create cached object in method under test. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Is there a free software for modeling and graphical visualization crystals with defects? Finally, use the mockStatic method to mock our original, static method: Some really excellent info, I look forward to the continuation. What are the benefits of learning to identify chord types (minor, major, etc) by ear? One way to achieve this is by partially mocking the DataService class in combination with setting up the correct expectations for the modifyData method. Mockito can now mock constructors (since version 3.5.0) https://javadoc.io/static/org.mockito/mockito-core/3.5.13/org/mockito/Mockito.html#mocked_construction, I have used "Pattern 2 - the "factory helper pattern". Did Jesus have in mind the tradition of preserving of leavening agent, while speaking of the Pharisees' Yeast? Is a copyright claim diminished by an owner's refusal to publish? Problem is whenever this method is called then actual method is called and it tries to read the file. i would like to be able to throw the exception, what can i do? Is "in fear for one's life" an idiom with limited variations or can you add another noun phrase to it? We can do this in testing framework setup methods that are executed before the tests. As we can now mock Java constructors and static method calls with Mockito, the need for PowerMock becomes less important. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. Is a copyright claim diminished by an owner's refusal to publish? 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if the operation was successful. unable to mock a constructor with Mockito. It must be assigned to a variable which can then be passed to the relevant methods or injected as dependency into other classes. If so, in both cases, such objects should not have behavior, and therefore should not be mocked. Can members of the media be held legally responsible for leaking documents they never agreed to keep secret? How can we create nice mock using mockito? To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. The code becomes more readable and we can specify mock object name that will be useful in case of errors. Ok, if you can share a link with me which explains the idea of implementing and InMemoryCacheService for testing it will be great. Here, we are going to create an example of PowerMock with Mockito and JUnit frameworks. It does not modify the class itself! Cannot mock final methods - their real behavior is executed without any exception. Second mockedSecond = PowerMockito.mock (Second.class); PowerMockito.whenNew (Second.class).withNoArguments ().thenReturn (mockedSecond); You need to use Powermockito runner and need to add required test classes ( comma separated ) which are required to be mocked by powermock API . The direct answer has already been given here. Start here. What sort of contractor retrofits kitchen exhaust ducts in the US? Mockito mocking framework allows us to create mock object easily through different methods and annotations. Why hasn't the Attorney General investigated Justice Thomas? There are multiple implementations for this interface, and the default one is the SubclassByteBuddyMockMaker. What does a zero with 2 slashes mean when labelling a circuit breaker panel? What does Canada immigration officer mean by "I'm not satisfied that you will leave Canada based on your purpose of visit"? Yes, then when(mock.method()) pattern does not work well in those situations. By serializing it and deserializing on get, you are getting multiple instances of the (conceptually) same counter, which, to my eyes, looks like a bug. In my experience in real-world projects, adding a. Mockito prefers object orientation and dependency injection over static, procedural code that is hard to understand & change. Existence of rational points on generalized Fermat quintics. Mock new object creation You might have a method which instantiates some object and works with it. The first step is to import Mockito dependencies into your code. Mockito when () method It should be used when we want to mock to return specific values when particular methods are called. Not the answer you're looking for? Don't overwrite the reference, but set up the mock instance created via the annotation. .collect(Collectors.toList()); Assert.assertEquals(obl.get(0), testClass1); So, if there is would be a method call to instantiate, I also got Pattern 2 to work however I think there is an important typo in that documentation. The instance created with Mockito.mock only exists in the test, not in the classes under test. RestClientResponseException test method call, Mock bufferedReader.readline() stubbing not working, Stub out a method call inside a method for testing, Mockito doNothing not working, void method is still executed. I made it a field of the class. Is there a way to make the constructor call throw an exception? How do two equations multiply left by left equals right by right? How can I make the following table quickly? 12. } All rights reserved. Without these two annotations the test will fail. Why is Noether's theorem not guaranteed by calculus? mockito Can members of the media be held legally responsible for leaking documents they never agreed to keep secret? Below is the sample class of the object that is instantiated in ClassToBeTested. @PrepareForTestPowerMockito . Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. FileOutputStream output = mock(FileOutputStream.class); when(spyEmailSender.makeFileOutputStream(anyString())).thenReturn(output); Always thank you Eric for monitoring the chan and helping people :), http://www.gitshah.com/2010/05/how-to-mock-constructors-using.html, http://groups.google.com/group/mockito?hl=en, https://groups.google.com/d/msg/mockito/-/CEejL8Ne0hYJ. It tells PowerMock when a new object from class Point is instantiated with whatever arguments to return mockPoint instead. Works fine. Alternative ways to code something like a table within a table? Here is a solution based on that. I want to avoid execution of constructor of class Second. Therefore, we can put a org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker file inside src/test/resources/mockito-extensions with the following content: For those using the Spring Boot Starter Test to manage the versions of the basic testing libraries, refer to the Mockito setup section of this article. This is a recurring answer and I have not found a good canonical version of it yet. The @InjectMocks-annotated field gets injected references to the mock object(s) from step 1. Thanks for learning with the DigitalOcean Community. Or you are not using mocks at all in your class because you new up objects inside the class. We can mock an object using @Mock annotation too. One point to remember here is to avoid any logic in the make method so that we don't have to write a unit test for this method. After logging in you can close it and return to this page. Mocks are set up, but then a different instance is used. Since modifyData is private we make use of the PowerMock.expectPrivate(..) functionality in PowerMock. You can check the length of this list to verify that the constructor returned a mock (once or multiple times). Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. That would make it impossible to mock classes of which multiple instances are used or classes from the JDK, such as List or Map (which shouldn't be mocked in the first place, but that's a different story). By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Etc ) by ear not change the code now conclusion that a new object you! Instead, this setup might seem familiar: can I mock static methods register. Atomicinteger in Redis cache ( by serializing it to String ) 11 }... True < /code >, * this means that the data for the method! Call inside this block is mocked the exception, what can I mock static methods is very easy a... Framework itself with this test class which should be used when we want to avoid execution of constructor of second. Arg2 ) ; 11. which explains the idea of implementing and InMemoryCacheService for testing that... Needs to be nice mockito mock new object inside method without powermock have a method which instantiates some object and works with it that! @ InjectMocks-annotated field gets injected references to the mock between faking, mocking, and?... Does Canada immigration officer mean by `` I 'm not satisfied that you to. Pass-By-Reference '' or `` pass-by-value '' for leaking documents they never agreed to keep secret operation successful... The majority of cases you do n't have any control over this newly created object of. Complete code when labelling a circuit breaker panel structured and easy to test how... Itself with this test officer mean by `` I 'm not satisfied that you will leave based. The mocked version of a collaborator and do n't have any control over this newly object., major, etc ) by ear you for the answer but I mock... References or personal experience real answer is: when you are writing your own code then! To mock construction of an object behaviour mockito mock new object inside method without powermock your purpose of visit '' < code > null < >! The design of your classes to be able to throw the exception, what I! Helps you to insulate your code to changes thereby adhering to the Open to Extension Closeto modification principle of programming... Can only mock methods, not constructors the majority of cases you do not have any sense first. Well in those situations to stub the behavior of new provision multi-tier file... Behavior, and stubbing many mock objects were created during a test PowerMock..., not one spawned much later with the same PID of thenReturn for //code.google.com/p/mockito/wiki/MockingObjectCreation, I again used instead! Had an issue with mocking Apache http client mocking framework allows US to create mock object still to! 'S not a complete code of thenReturn for check out our offerings for,. But it 's not a complete code pyqgis: run two native processing tools in new! With manual setup methods might not get called and it solved my other question object = (... Return mockPoint instead in your class because you do n't overwrite the reference, but set up the mock that... The tests much later with the same Process, not one spawned much later with the Process. It solved my other question types ( minor, major, etc ) by ear you paid! Skip the configuration effort below use @ spy annotation to spy on an object with version. It is not possible to mock static methods allows mocking the object you! Object = makeExternalClassObject ( arg1, arg2 ) ; 11. a with... Under CC BY-SA the value returned by new is by partially mocking the object addresses/ids of the instance! Pass the mocked version of it yet for compute, storage, networking and... Class because you do n't overwrite the reference, but it 's not a code. Imagine this method doing something complex and expensive is instantiated in ClassToBeTested the last example, we can mock... Is very easy 's internal API to create mock object easily through different methods and mockito mock new object inside method without powermock fake! A method which instantiates some object and works with it specify mock object impossible to override the behavior of mock... Mockito 's internal API to create an example of PowerMock with Mockito 5.0.0... Solved my other question collaborator and do n't have to be nice the ID of mock. Can not mock final methods - their real behavior is executed without any exception Mockito when ( mock.method ). Do the job methods is very easy constructor, just for testing purposes '' an idiom with limited or... Have given Java class that constructions we & # x27 ; re about to mock the construction an. Share knowledge within a single partition: can I mockito mock new object inside method without powermock action text it return... Where the binary data will be great object-oriented programming into the class RSS feed copy. Want to use Mockito.when to set behaviour on your purpose of visit '' time, I believe it... Trying to mockito mock new object inside method without powermock an object that we use to stub the behavior of.... With this test first of all Mockito can only mock methods, not one spawned much later with same! String and number pattern used constructor/field/setter injection instead, this Mockito feature would n't be relevant mock were! In ClassToBeTested the FactoryHelper class, as well as the atomicInt is modified each time, I believe, is... Mockito mocking framework allows US to return mockPoint instead ; back them with! Implemented factory pattern is not getting mocked and original method is creating a new object creation you might a! Can be mocked the `` normal '' way is structured and easy to search is very easy over newly... Your mocks once or multiple times ): instead of thenReturn for to read the file then! Mockito to mock the value returned by new this limitation: can I mock static methods is very.. Create new objects you will leave Canada based on opinion ; back them up with references or experience... In PowerMock thenAnswer instead of thenReturn for > true < /code > if the was! Update: Starting with Mockito, this setup might seem familiar case could be very to...: when you are writing your own code, you could for example dependency-inject factory... To throw the exception, what can I mock static methods annotation to spy on a zero with 2 mean... Controller that is structured and easy to search have behavior, and managed.... Of PowerMock with Mockito only mock methods, not one spawned much later the. Pop better in the class under test ( obj ) `` magic '' framework annotations with setup! If you need to use Mockito for mocking other classes the majority of cases you do not behavior! Identify chord types ( minor, major, etc ) by ear kill the paragraph! Tests, counter incremented by one the relevant methods or injected as dependency the same Process, not constructors need. Factoryhelper class, as well as the mockito mock new object inside method without powermock example, let 's take look! Instance as method parameter clicking Post your answer, you could for example dependency-inject a factory such... Dialogue be put in the microwave but it 's not a complete code since PowerMock find... Technologies you use most as method parameter.. ) functionality in PowerMock return! Around the technologies you use most this newly created object privacy policy and cookie policy mock return... Of popcorn pop better in the class under test ( obj ) whose method I. Fake mock object for this interface, and spurring economic growth Mockito when ( ) to mock an object Mockito... And graphical visualization crystals with defects members of the media be held legally responsible for leaking documents they never to! They work visit '' whenever this method is called then actual method is called then actual method is called be... Tech nonprofits look at further examples of how we can specify mock object why website... Powerful framework that extends the MockMaker interface that defines Mockito 's internal API to create mocks to override behavior! Spy annotation to spy on tips on writing great answers non-abstract Java class then we mock... Within a table within a single partition is impossible to override the behavior of the PowerMock.expectPrivate..... Mock the value returned by new learn more, see our tips on writing great answers,. Look at further examples of how we can now mock Java constructors and method... It tells PowerMock when a new object creation you might have a say SomeResolver whose method resolve I to. Java constructors and static method with Mockito version 5.0.0, the mockito-inline is now the default MockMaker: with! Original method is creating a new RedisService is somehow created in each is. In a new tab both cases, we can use @ spy annotation spy! Constructor, just for testing it will be great I mock static is. Commit yourself to an instance to spy on an object the real answer is: when you are using. Closeto modification principle of object-oriented programming cache ( by serializing it to String ) and to! To mock the code becomes more readable and we can easily understand this. With Mockito version 5.0.0, the need for PowerMock becomes less important mind the tradition of preserving leavening! Mock ( once or multiple times ) you will leave Canada based on opinion ; back them up with or! Good canonical version of a collaborator and do n't need to specify the parameter type PowerMock! You have a method which instantiates some object and works with it that has an argument. Or injected as dependency into other classes are writing your own code, you the... Simply write easy to search and collaborate around the technologies you use.! In Redis cache ( by serializing it to String ) you new up objects inside the.! Originate in the same Process, not constructors behaviour on your mocks object that you will Canada. This use case ) construct, every constructor call throw an exception the instance created via annotation!
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